R.E-expande.R   Grid balancing with high capacity buffers.

Koeltorens

The R.E-expande.R arose from the technical necessity for (R.)E buffers in e-grids to balance i/o fluctuations. This buffer stores potential energy in the metallic bonding of alloys or in elastomeric composites (different chemical bonds). The energy density is high thanks to ionic bonds in the solid aggregation state, whereas in batteries, electronegativity is weakened by hydration. A long retention period of initial capacity is an asset. Some features reduce friction in the compact design.

The paper includes variants, enabling LDES with scalable energy densities / capacity for a 'climate adapted' grid configuration without massive recabling. The high energy d/c variant is intended as part of the e-grid at generation side, the medium as a district buffer or for charging parks, the lower energy d/c version is suitable for transportable applications, like units during construction projects, remote emergency camps and a mobile version as road assistance.

The design is such that a module disorder does not disable the entire operation or affect the voltage supplied. In a safe design, repair but also reload can be performed as plug-&-play. The charging time does not depend on internal factors but on the power rate supplied. In an emergency version input can be both mechanical and electrical.  Charging and discharging can occur simultaneously.


"Make things as simple as possible, but no simpler."  Albert Einstein